Overview
Texas is one of the largest states in the U.S. without legalized sports betting. While neighboring states like Louisiana and Arkansas have moved forward with Texas sports betting, Texas remains resistant due to political, cultural, and constitutional challenges. However, public interest and legislative proposals suggest that change may be on the horizon.
Current Legal Status
At present, sports betting is illegal in Texas. The state constitution does not allow for gambling outside of specific exceptions, such as:
- The state lottery
- Charitable bingo and raffles
- Pari-mutuel horse and greyhound racing
There are no licensed retail or online sportsbooks operating legally within Texas. Residents often travel to nearby states or use offshore platforms, which are not regulated or protected by U.S. laws.
Recent Legislative Efforts
Texas has made several legislative attempts in recent years to legalize sports betting. The most recent and significant effort includes:
House Joint Resolution 134 (HJR 134)
- Introduced in early 2025
- Proposes a constitutional amendment to allow legalized sports betting
- Would require approval from two-thirds of both legislative chambers
- If approved, Texas voters would decide its fate in a statewide referendum in November 2025
Senate Resistance
Despite support from some lawmakers and Governor Greg Abbott’s openness to regulated betting, the Texas Senate—led by Lt. Governor Dan Patrick—remains opposed. This opposition is a major barrier, as constitutional amendments cannot proceed without strong bipartisan support.
Timeline of Key Events
| Year | Event |
|---|---|
| 2018 | U.S. Supreme Court strikes down PASPA, allowing state control over sports betting |
| 2021 | First major push for sports betting introduced in Texas House |
| 2023 | House passes sports betting bill; Senate blocks it |
| 2025 | HJR 134 filed; potential vote scheduled for November 2025 |
| 2027 | Possible earliest launch of legal sportsbooks if approved |
Public Opinion
Recent polling suggests that around 60% of Texans support legal sports betting. This includes a broad range of demographics, with younger voters and sports fans showing the strongest support. Opposition tends to come from religious groups and older conservative voters who express concerns about gambling addiction and societal harm.
Economic Impact and Potential Benefits
Legalizing sports betting could offer several economic and social advantages:
Estimated Benefits:
- State Revenue: Between $300–$500 million in annual tax revenue
- Job Creation: Thousands of jobs in tech, hospitality, and gaming sectors
- Consumer Safety: Safer, regulated platforms with support for responsible gambling
- Infrastructure: Revenue could support education, healthcare, or public safety
Arguments For and Against Legalization
Pros
- Keeps revenue in-state instead of flowing to neighboring jurisdictions
- Offers consumer protections and problem gambling support
- Could boost attendance and engagement at sports venues
- Aligns with national trends and growing acceptance
Cons
- Cultural resistance in conservative regions
- Fear of increased addiction and social costs
- Opposition from anti-gambling groups and religious organizations
- Requires constitutional amendment, making the process complex and slow
Future Outlook
The 2025 legislative session will be critical for the future of sports betting in Texas. If lawmakers can pass HJR 134, it will give voters a direct voice in the process. Even if the referendum passes, the rollout of sports betting would likely take until 2027 due to the need for regulatory setup and licensing.
While the road to legalization is uncertain, continued public support and shifting political dynamics suggest that sports betting may eventually find a place in Texas. The coming years will determine whether the Lone Star State joins the growing list of states embracing regulated sports wagering.
Conclusion
Texas sports betting remains a hotly debated topic, balancing strong public demand with political resistance. The outcome of the 2025 referendum could set the course for the state’s gambling future. For now, Texans watch and wait as the legislative and cultural battle continues.
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